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Atracinae, commonly known as Australian funnel-web spiders, is a subfamily of spiders in the funnel-web spider family Hexathelidae. Atracinae consists of three genera: ''Atrax'', ''Hadronyche'', and ''Illawarra''. The subfamily includes species with medically significant venom, six species of which have severely envenomed human victims. The bite of the Sydney funnel-web spider (''Atrax robustus'') is potentially deadly, but there have been no fatalities since the introduction of modern first aid techniques and antivenom. The subfamily contains 35 species. All members of the subfamily are native to Australia.〔 ==Description== These spiders are medium-to-large in size, with body lengths ranging from 1 cm to 5 cm (0.4" to 2"). They have a hairless carapace covering the front part of the body. Like the related diplurid spiders, some hexathelids have relatively long spinnerets; this is especially true of ''A. robustus''. Males have a large mating spur projecting from the middle of their second pair of legs.〔()〕 Like other Mygalomorphae (also incorrectly called "Orthognatha") —an infraorder of spiders that includes the tropical tarantulas〔Mygalomorph tarantulas are a different family from the original 'tarantula', an araneomorph lycosid from Europe. —Rod and Ken Preston-Mafham. Spiders of the World. Blandford Press, 1989, England, p. 47〕 —these spiders have fangs which point straight down the body and do not point towards each other (cf Araneomorphae). They have ample venom glands that lie entirely within their chelicerae. Their fangs are large and powerful, capable of penetrating fingernails and soft shoes.〔(Funnel-web Fangs ) National Geographic. Retrieved 4 May 2014.〕 Funnel-webs make their burrows in moist, cool, sheltered habitats—under rocks, in and under rotting logs, some in rough-barked trees (occasionally metres above ground). They are commonly found in suburban rockeries and shrubberies, rarely in lawns or other open terrain. A funnel-web's burrow characteristically has irregular silk trip-lines radiating from the entrance.〔 Unlike some related trapdoor spiders, funnel-webs do not build lids to their burrows. The primary range of the Australian funnel-web spiders is the eastern coast of Australia, with specimens found in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, and Queensland.〔〔(Fact sheet: Funnel-web spider ) CSIRO Note: Though formerly well resourced in entomology, CSIRO acknowledges on this site that it currently does no research into funnel-web spiders.〕 The only Australian states or territories without funnel-webs are Western Australia〔Raymond Mascord ''Australian Spiders in Colour'' Reed Press NSW, 1991, p. 14〕 and the Northern Territory. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Australian funnel-web spider」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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